At death, the human spirit leaves the body (Ec. 12:7) and goes either to Heaven or hell (Luke 16:22ff). As demonstrated by the rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16:22ff), and affirmed by Christ when he tells the thief he will be with him in paradise “today” (Luke 23:43) there is immediate conscious existence after death, both in Heaven and hell (2 Cor. 5:8; Rev. 6:9-11; Phil. 1:23).

There is no “soul sleep” or period of unawareness preceding Heaven. Some Old Testament passages do not reflect the fullness of New Testament revelation concerning immediate consciousness upon death. “Fallen asleep” in 1 Thessalonians 4:13 and similar passages is a euphemism for death, describing the outward appearance as seen from this side, not the other. The spirit's departure from the body ends our existence on earth. This “sleep” refers to the outward inanimate appearance of the body that is buried in the earth. The physical part of us “sleeps” until the resurrection, while the spiritual part of us relocates to a conscious existence in Heaven (Dan. 12:2-3; 2 Cor. 5:8; Rev. 6:9-11). Every reference in Revelation to human beings talking and worshipping in Heaven prior to the resurrection (Rev. 20) refutes the notion of soul sleep.

For more information on this subject, see Randy Alcorn’s book Heaven.